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Symptoms

Confusion

What it is: Confusion is a state where a person struggles to think, speak, pay attention, or remember clearly. Sudden confusion, also called delirium, often causes sudden disorientation regarding location, time, or identity.

Common causes:

  • Severe body infections or sudden medical illnesses
  • Sudden changes in blood sugar or oxygen levels
  • Head injuries or nervous system problems
  • Adverse reactions to specific prescription medications

Self-care:

  • Stay right beside the person and provide calm, steady reassurance.
  • Use short, simple sentences and avoid asking overwhelming questions.
  • Keep the environment safe and quiet while gathering any medications they currently take.

When to seek help:

Sudden confusion is a medical emergency; call 102 for an ambulance or take the person immediately to the nearest hospital. If memory loss or disorientation develops gradually over weeks or months, consult a health post or PHC for an assessment.

If symptoms suggest a serious emergency, call 102 for an ambulance where available.

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